The Individual and Collective Experiences of Afro-Spaniards
Barcelona resident Eric MB returns with further insight on the Afro-Spaniard/Afro-Catalan experience.
Catalan
Castellano
Otra cosa es que podamos afirmar que nos ” sintamos ” españolas/es . Lo individual dista mucho de lo colectivo. En el contexto individual, pensamos y existimos como españolas/es – Yo pienso, luego existo, frase de René Descartes expresa uno de los principios filosóficos fundamentales de la filosofía occidental –
En contraposición a la identidad africana, que es concreta y específica en cada comunidad. Un ejemplo es el pensamiento colectivo del africano/a bantú que nos caracteriza como afros: En la comunidad Xhosa, tienen elconcepto de Ubuntu que significa ” yo soy porque nosotros somos ” En la comunidad Ndôwé, su nombre es transcrito como ” estamos cogidos o pueblo unido ”Pero a nivel colectivo, en lo social y de Estado, occidentales no nos vemos reflejados/as y mucho menos respetados. No podemos ser/existir en paz ni como individuos ni mucho menos como comunidad ( No existe dicho sentimiento de pertenencia ) como partes de un grupo social y en los totales, del Estado.
Es como cuando te dicen ” yo no veo colores ” ‘ lo importante es el interior ” está diciéndote que tienes una tara, que para él, hay algo negativo en tu condición… así que haré ver que no lo veo. Esa persona está afirmando que tu singularidad es negativa para la mayoría social y como tal, hay que eludirla.Cuando una persona, autoproclamada de izquierdas* te dice ” En España no hay afroespañoles , solo hay españoles ” da igual su condición, raza , etc ” inconscientemente te está haciendo una declaración supremacista: Está diciendo que tu singularidad ( la africana ) no importa, no le importa y/o que tiene que quedar en un segundo plano. Y no es que esa persona te odie… pero en su subconsciente, cree que tu singularidad tiene que estar por debajo de ” la identidad ” de la sociedad y su Estado. Y dicha identidad tiene ” marcadores estandarizados ” basados en el fenotipo, la ascendencia genealógica y cultural, la religión y otros.Por eso se empeñan a decirnos ” tienes que dejar tu ” otredad ” de lado para que podamos ” incluirte ” Tienes que ” integrarte. Hay un empeño de la mayoría social en aplicar jerarquías de poder, basadas en la jerarquización racial del siglo XVI. Esta práctica social ( e institucional ) fue mencionada anteriormente por el politólogo afro-hispano-colombiano Yeison F. García López en ”Población afrodescendiente / africana / “negra” en España ” para diario El País.
Lo que no entienden es que lo que exigimos es que se respete nuestra singularidad, es igual de legítima. Reafirmo la frase del fotógrafo Rubén H. Bermúdez para el Radio Africa Magazine, dirigido por Tania Adams ” Hablar de racismo es violento ”En España, hablar sobre raza/jerarquización racial/racismo es tabú.
English
– Where are you from?
– Madrid.
– Yeah, but where are you from?
Living in Spain as a postcolonial person whom is racialised as black is an exhausting experience. Having to constantly explain those things that are more than obvious to those of us who are racialised as ‘non-white’ is both tiring and draining, so it’s not surprising that some of us feel little or no connection to a Spanish identity. It is one thing to assert our identity as Spanish when it is called into question by white people – those who feel the need to define our origin and quantify our degree of ‘Spanishness’ based on the melanin in our skin or our genealogy – and quite another thing to say that we feel Spanish.
The individual experience is vastly different from the collective experience. As individuals, we think and exist as Spaniards, in line with Descarte’s “I think, therefore I am”, one of the fundamental principles of western philosophy, but this way of thinking is worlds apart from an African concept of identity that is defined by and expressed in terms of different communities. One example of the collective thought that characterises us as Africans is that of the Xhosa community, who use the term ubuntu meaning “I am because we are”. Another example is the Ndôwé community whose name can be translated as ‘the united people’.
As individuals, we may feel more or less Spanish but as a collective, we are invisible. Our experience and existence are neither reflected nor respected in the cultural, social or state activities of the country and so we cannot exist in peace as individuals or as a community because no authentic sense of belonging to a social or national group as a valid, valued and recognised collective is available to us. For example, when someone says, “I don’t see colour” or “What’s inside is what matters” they are in fact telling us that in their opinion there is something wrong with us, something negative that should be ignored. They are negative for the social majority and as such is to be eluded.
When a self-declared leftist proclaims that, “In Spain there are no Afro-Spaniards, only Spaniards, regardless of race, social condition, etc.” he or she is unconsciously making a supremacist declaration. He or she is saying that your (African) individuality is unimportant and/or should remain in the background. This person does not hate you, but unconsciously he or she believes that your non-standard identity is less important than the generalised identity projected by society and state, an identity characterised by standardised markers based on phenotype, genealogical ascendency and religion, among others.
That is why we are constantly told, “In order to be included you must first set aside your otherness” or “You have to become integrated”. There is a social majority that endeavours to apply hierarchies of power based on racial hierarchies of the 16th century. This social (and institutional) practice was noted by Afro-Hispanic- Columbian political scientist, Yeison F. García López in ‘Afrodescendant/African/“Black” Population in Spain’ in the El País newspaper. What the majority refuse to accept is that our demands for our different-ness to be respected are equally legitimate and that is why the phrase of Rubén H. Bermúdez for Radio Africa Magazine, directed by Tania Adams, “Speaking of racism is violent” rings so true.
In Spain, speaking of race and racial hierarchy is taboo.